Kecepatan Pembakaran Laminar dan Tinggi Api Premix pada Campuran Pertamax-Avgas dengan Etanol
Keywords:
api premix, avgas 100LL, bahan bakar penerbangan, kecepatan pembakaran, pesawat mesin pistonAbstract
Bahan bakar penerbangan yang umum digunakan untuk pesawat dengan tipe mesin reciprocating adalah avgas 100 LL. Keandalan penggunaan bahan bakar ini masih belum tergantikan, khususnya di daerah Indonesia. Pada umumnya avgas menggunakan zat aditif berbahaya berupa tetraethyl lead atau timbal untuk meningkatkan performa bahan bakar ini. Meskipun dapat meningkatkan performa, zat aditif ini terkenal menjadi cancer agent hingga penyebab penurunan IQ akademik pada anak-anak. Beberapa penelitian untuk mengurangi penggunaan timbal pada bahan bakar penerbangan sudah beberapa kali dibahas oleh para peneliti, salah satunya dengan mencampurkan avgas dengan bahan bakar konvensional tanpa timbal. Namun jarang yang membahas mengenai kecepatan pembakaran laminar (SL) pada topik tersebut. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak pencampuran bahan bakar avgas dengan pertamax serta penambahan etanol, serta variasi nosel burner terhadap kecepatan pembakaran laminar (SL) dan tinggi api premix yang dihasilkan pada rasio ekuivalen 0,8; 1,0; dan 1,2. Metode bunsen burner dipilih sebagai alat pengujian, karena dinilai simpel dan memiliki hasil yang cukup akurat. Dari pengujian yang dilakukan etanol memiliki nilai SL tertinggi. Campuran avgas dan pertamax memiliki kecepatan pembakaran yang lebih rendah dibanding avgas 100 LL murni, namun lebih tinggi dari pada pertamax murni. Sebaliknya hasil tinggi api berbanding terbalik. Namun dapat diketahui bahwa penambahan volume 30% etanol pada campuran terbukti meningkatkan kecepatan pembakaran yang dihasilkan. Selain data dari variasi bahan bakar, pengujian juga dilakukan dengan variasi diameter nosel. Dapat diketahui bahwa diameter nosel mempengaruhi nilai SL.
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